For Duke Ellington, Count Basie and Louis Armstrong, even their fame couldn’t fully protect them from the terrifying violence of Jim Crow. But the railroad, particularly the elegant Pullman sleeping car, provided a “home away from home.”
For Duke Ellington, Count Basie and Louis Armstrong, even their fame couldn’t fully protect them from the terrifying violence of Jim Crow. But the railroad, particularly the elegant Pullman sleeping car, provided a “home away from home.” Jazz, Black People, Transit Systems, Race and Ethnicity, Count Basie Orchestra, Greyhound Lines, Armstrong, Louis, Basie, Count, Ellington, Duke, Strayhorn, Billy, Southern States (US), Civil Rights Movement (1954-68), Railroads